Band 7.5 IELTS Writing Task 2 Model Answer

Overall Band Score: 7.5 · Cambridge IELTS 18 · 2026-08-25

IELTS Writing Task 2 question

In many countries, people are now living longer than ever before. Some people say an aging population creates problems for governments. Other people think there are benefits if society has more elderly people.

To what extent do the advantages of having an aging population outweigh the disadvantages?

Give reasons for your answer and include any relevant examples from your own knowledge or experience.

Student answer (Band 7.5)

In many parts of the world, life expectancy has increased considerably, resulting in a growing proportion of elderly people in society. Although an ageing population can place significant pressure on healthcare systems and government finances, I believe that its advantages outweigh these disadvantages, particularly because older people contribute valuable knowledge, experience and social stability.

One major disadvantage of an ageing population is the increased financial burden on governments. As people grow older, they are more likely to require medical treatment and long-term care, while many are no longer economically active. Consequently, governments may have to allocate a larger proportion of their budgets to pensions, healthcare and social services. In addition, a smaller working-age population may result in a shortage of workers and reduce tax revenue. For example, countries with rapidly ageing populations may face difficulties funding pension schemes when there are relatively fewer working adults contributing to them.

However, elderly people can make valuable contributions to society that should not be measured solely in economic terms. Older individuals possess extensive professional and life experience, which can be passed on to younger generations. They can provide guidance to younger family members, preserve cultural traditions and contribute to their communities through volunteering or other forms of social participation. Furthermore, grandparents often provide childcare for working parents, enabling younger adults to remain in employment. This can indirectly support both families and the wider economy.

Another important advantage is that longer life expectancy can encourage societies to become more inclusive and develop better public services. As the number of elderly citizens increases, governments have greater incentives to improve healthcare, public transport and accessible infrastructure. These improvements can benefit not only older people but also individuals with disabilities, young children and the population as a whole.

In conclusion, although an ageing population can create substantial pressure on public finances and healthcare systems, I believe its advantages are greater. The knowledge, experience and social contribution of elderly people, combined with the broader improvements that an ageing society can encourage, make population ageing a valuable aspect of social development when it is properly managed.

AI examiner evaluation

Task Achievement / Task Response — Band 7.5

The response fully addresses all parts of the prompt. You clearly state your position in the introduction and maintain it consistently throughout the essay. The arguments regarding both the disadvantages (financial burden, labor shortages) and the advantages (knowledge transfer, social stability, infrastructure improvements) are well-developed and supported with relevant examples. The conclusion effectively synthesizes your main points. The ideas are logically extended, and the response demonstrates a clear understanding of the complexity of the issue, meeting the requirements for a high band score.

Coherence and Cohesion — Band 7.5

The essay is logically organized with a clear progression of ideas. Each paragraph has a central theme, and the transition between paragraphs is smooth. You use a variety of cohesive devices effectively, such as 'Consequently,' 'In addition,' 'However,' and 'Furthermore,' which help guide the reader through your argument. The paragraphing is appropriate, with a clear introduction, two body paragraphs exploring the opposing views, and a concise conclusion. The use of referencing is precise, ensuring that the flow of information remains coherent throughout the text.

Lexical Resource — Band 7.5

You demonstrate a wide and flexible range of vocabulary that allows for precise expression. Phrases such as 'economically active,' 'social participation,' 'accessible infrastructure,' and 'substantial pressure' are used accurately and naturally. The vocabulary is well-suited to the academic tone of the task. There are no noticeable errors in word choice or collocation, and the language used is sophisticated enough to convey complex ideas clearly. The range of vocabulary is sufficient to support the development of your arguments effectively.

Grammatical Range and Accuracy — Band 7.5

The essay displays a wide range of grammatical structures, including complex sentences with subordinate clauses (e.g., 'Although an ageing population can place significant pressure..., I believe that...'). The majority of your sentences are error-free, and your control over punctuation and tense usage is excellent. There are no significant grammatical errors that impede communication. The structure is varied, moving between simple and complex forms with ease, which demonstrates a high level of grammatical competence suitable for an academic writing task.

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